05-Zookeeper客户端基础命令

# 一、[zookeeper](https://so.csdn.net/so/search?q=zookeeper&spm=1001.2101.3001.7020) 客户端简介

ZooKeeper 提供了一个非常简单的[命令行](https://so.csdn.net/so/search?q=%E5%91%BD%E4%BB%A4%E8%A1%8C&spm=1001.2101.3001.7020)客户端 zkCli，它在 ZooKeeper 安装目录的 bin 目录下。输入./zkCli.sh 命令默认连接本地 127.0.0.1:2181 节点，如果我们需要连接远程节点可以使用./zkCli.sh -server ip:2181 方式进行连接。连接过程中会输出一大堆信息。当连接成功后，将进入 ZooKeeper 的交互式模式。博文实验环境：

*   操作系统：centos7.6
*   zookeeper 版本：3.6.3

# 二、zookeeper 常用命令示例

## 0、连接 zookeeper server

```bash
[wuhs@s143 bin]$ ./zkCli.sh -server 192.168.0.142:2181  
Connecting to 192.168.0.142:2181  
2022-03-02 22:26:26,705 [myid:] - INFO [main:Environment@98] - Client environment:zookeeper.version=  
…  
mplete on server s142/192.168.0.142:2181, session id = 0x100002542a90003, negotiated timeout = 30000  
  
WATCHER::  
  
WatchedEvent state:SyncConnected type:None path:null
```

## 1、获取命令帮助

早先版本是通过 help 命令获取命令帮助，新版本会提示找不到 help 命令，但是输出结果还是会显示 zookeeper 客户端下支持的命令。  
![](https://hexo-img.obs.cn-east-3.myhuaweicloud.com/img/202210182210660.png)

## 2、查看软件版本

```bash
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 1] version
ZooKeeper CLI version: 3.7.1-a2fb57c55f8e59cdd76c34b357ad5181df1258d5, built on 2022-05-07 06:45 UTC
```

## 3、连接一个远程节点

```
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 2] connect 192.168.0.143:2181
```

## 4、关闭连接

```bash
[zk: 192.168.0.143:2181(CONNECTED) 3] close  
  
WATCHER::  
  
WatchedEvent state:Closed type:None path:null  
2022-03-03 01:29:57,127 [myid:] - INFO [main:ZooKeeper@1619] - Session: 0x20000253ae20003 closed  
2022-03-03 01:29:57,127 [myid:] - INFO [main-EventThread:ClientCnxn$EventThread@578] - EventThread shut down for session: 0x20000253ae20003
```

## 5、创建一个 znode

命令语法：create [-s] [-e] [-c] [-t ttl] path [data] [acl]

*   -s：创建的是带序列号的节点，序列号用 0 填充节点路径。
*   -e：创建的是临时节点。
*   -c：创建的是容器节点
*   path：znode 的路径，ZooKeeper 中没有相对路径，所有路径都必须以’/'开头。
*   data：znode 携带的数据。
*   acl：这个节点的 ACL。

```bash
#创建一个永久节点  
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 3] create /zk_test
Created /zk_test
#创建一个临时节点  
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 4] create -e /ephemeral_node
Created /ephemeral_node
```

**自动创建顺序节点**

实例：

```bash
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 7]  create -s -e /nbu 0
Created /nbu0000000001
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 8]  create -s -e /nbu 0
Created /nbu0000000002
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 9]  create -s -e /nbu 0
Created /nbu0000000003
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 10]  create -s -e /nbu 0
Created /nbu0000000004
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 11]  create -s -e /nbu 0
Created /nbu0000000005

```

![](https://hexo-img.obs.cn-east-3.myhuaweicloud.com/img/202210192015522.png)

## 6、删除 znode 节点

```bash
#删除节点前要求节点目录为空，不存在子节点  
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 5] delete /ephemeral_node
#如果要删除整个节点及子节点可以使用 deleteall  
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 6] deleteall /config
# 新版本zookeeper可以通过 deleteall 命令递归删除
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 12] deleteall /nbu
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 13] ls /nbu
Node does not exist: /nbu
```
![](https://hexo-img.obs.cn-east-3.myhuaweicloud.com/img/202210192018030.png)

## 7、指定路径下的配额管理

配额管理主要有两个参数

*   -n 限制子节点的数量（包括自身）
*   -b 限制一条路径的字节（数据长度）

### 查看配额

```bash
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 18] listquota /config/topics
absolute path is /zookeeper/quota/config/topics/zookeeper_limits
Output quota for /config/topics count=1,bytes=-1=;byteHardLimit=-1;countHardLimit=-1
Output stat for /config/topics count=1,bytes=0
```

### 设置配额

```bash
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 19] setquota -n 2 /config/topics
```
### 删除配额

```bash
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 20] delquota /config/topics
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 21] listquota /config/topics
absolute path is /zookeeper/quota/config/topics/zookeeper_limits
quota for /config/topics does not exist.
```

## 8、显示一个节点的状态

```bash
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 22] stat /config/topics
cZxid = 0x13
ctime = Tue Oct 18 22:17:36 CST 2022
mZxid = 0x13
mtime = Tue Oct 18 22:17:36 CST 2022
pZxid = 0x13
cversion = 0
dataVersion = 0
aclVersion = 0
ephemeralOwner = 0x0
dataLength = 0
numChildren = 0

```

## 9、查看路径子节点

命令语法：ls [-s] [-w] [-R] path

*   -s 同时显示 stat 信息
*   -w 只显示子节点信息，默认选项
*   -R 递归显示

```bash
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 23] ls -R /
/
/config
/nbu
/zk_test
/zookeeper
/config/topics
/zookeeper/config
/zookeeper/quota
```

## 10、获取指定路径下的数据

```bash
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 25] get /nbu
1
```
![](https://hexo-img.obs.cn-east-3.myhuaweicloud.com/img/202210182220751.png)

## 11、获取子节点数量

```bash
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 2] getAllChildrenNumber /zookeeper
2
```

## 12、获取会话创建的临时节点

```bash
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 0] create -e /config/abc
Created /config/abc
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 1] getEphemerals /config
[/config/abc]
```

## 13、设置或者更新路径数据

```bash
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 6] create /nbu/child0
Created /nbu/child0
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 7] set /nbu/child0 "this is a test"
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 8] get /nbu/child0
this is a test
```

## 14、设置 ACL

<table><thead><tr><th align="left">ACL 权限</th><th align="left">ACL 简写</th><th align="left">允许的操作</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left">CREATE</td><td align="left">c</td><td align="left">创建子节点</td></tr><tr><td align="left">READ</td><td align="left">r</td><td align="left">获取节点的数据和它的子节点</td></tr><tr><td align="left">WRITE</td><td align="left">w</td><td align="left">设置节点的数据</td></tr><tr><td align="left">DELETE</td><td align="left">d</td><td align="left">删除子节点 （仅下一级节点）</td></tr><tr><td align="left">ADMIN</td><td align="left">a</td><td align="left">设置 ACL 权限</td></tr></tbody></table>

ZooKeeper 内置了一些权限控制方案，可以用以下方案为每个节点设置权限：

<table><thead><tr><th align="left">方案</th><th align="left">描述</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left">world</td><td align="left">只有一个用户：anyone，代表所有人（默认）</td></tr><tr><td align="left">ip</td><td align="left">使用 IP 地址认证</td></tr><tr><td align="left">auth</td><td align="left">使用已添加认证的用户认证</td></tr><tr><td align="left">digest</td><td align="left">使用 “用户名: 密码” 方式认证</td></tr></tbody></table>

## 15、获取 ACL
```bash
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 9] getAcl /config
'world,'anyone
: cdrwa
```

## 16、同步数据集群间数据

```bash
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 11] sync /
Sync is OK

```

## 17、查看命令执行历史

```bash
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 12] history
2 - set /config/topics/test “this is a test”
3 - create /config/topics/test
4 - set /config/topics/test “this is a test”
5 - get /config/topics/test
6 - create /nbu/child0
7 - set /nbu/child0 "this is a test"
8 - get /nbu/child0
9 - getAcl /config
10 - ls /config
11 - sync /
12 - history

```

## 18、退出客户端

```bash
[zk: localhost:2181(CONNECTED) 13] quit

WATCHER::

WatchedEvent state:Closed type:None path:null
2022-10-18 22:28:17,908 [myid:] - INFO  [main:ZooKeeper@1288] - Session: 0x1000002b62c0005 closed
2022-10-18 22:28:17,908 [myid:] - INFO  [main-EventThread:ClientCnxn$EventThread@568] - EventThread shut down for session: 0x1000002b62c0005
2022-10-18 22:28:17,909 [myid:] - INFO  [main:ServiceUtils@45] - Exiting JVM with code 0
```

## 19、更多信息查看

更多命令帮助信息我们可以查阅官网帮助文档，zookeeper 3.6.3 版本命令帮助文件见链接：  
https://zookeeper.apache.org/doc/r3.6.3/zookeeperCLI.html

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